Factors and Conditions That Impact Electroporation of Clostridioides difficile Strains

Abstract

Understanding the underlying biology of pathogens is essential to develop novel treatment options. To drive this understanding, genetic tools are essential. In recent years, the genetic toolbox available to Clostridioides difficile researchers has expanded significantly but still requires the conjugal transfer of DNA from a donor strain into C. difficile . Here we describe an electroporation-based transformation protocol that was effective at introducing existing genetic tools into different C. difficile strains.