Methylotrophic Methylobacterium Bacteria Nodulate and Fix Nitrogen in Symbiosis with Legumes

Author:

Sy Abdoulaye1,Giraud Eric1,Jourand Philippe1,Garcia Nelly1,Willems Anne2,de Lajudie Philippe1,Prin Yves1,Neyra Marc1,Gillis Monique2,Boivin-Masson Catherine1,Dreyfus Bernard1

Affiliation:

1. LSTM, UMR 113 IRD/INRA/AGRO-M/CIRAD, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France,1 and

2. Laboratorium voor Microbiologie, Universiteit Gent, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium2

Abstract

ABSTRACT Rhizobia described so far belong to three distinct phylogenetic branches within the α-2 subclass of Proteobacteria . Here we report the discovery of a fourth rhizobial branch involving bacteria of the Methylobacterium genus. Rhizobia isolated from Crotalaria legumes were assigned to a new species, “ Methylobacterium nodulans ,” within the Methylobacterium genus on the basis of 16S ribosomal DNA analyses. We demonstrated that these rhizobia facultatively grow on methanol, which is a characteristic of Methylobacterium spp. but a unique feature among rhizobia. Genes encoding two key enzymes of methylotrophy and nodulation, the mxaF gene, encoding the α subunit of the methanol dehydrogenase, and the nodA gene, encoding an acyltransferase involved in Nod factor biosynthesis, were sequenced for the type strain, ORS2060. Plant tests and nodA amplification assays showed that “ M. nodulans ” is the only nodulating Methylobacterium sp. identified so far. Phylogenetic sequence analysis showed that “ M. nodulans ” NodA is closely related to Bradyrhizobium NodA, suggesting that this gene was acquired by horizontal gene transfer.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Molecular Biology,Microbiology

Reference40 articles.

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5. Belgian Co-ordinated Collection of Micro-organisms/Laboratorium voor Microbiologie. Bacteria. Catalogue. 1998 Universiteit Gent Ghent Belgium

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