Affiliation:
1. INRA, UMR1128 DynAMic, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, UMR1128 DynAMic, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The diversity of clinical (
n
= 92) and oral and digestive commensal (
n
= 120) isolates of
Streptococcus salivarius
was analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). No clustering of clinical or commensal strains can be observed in the phylogenetic tree. Selected strains (92 clinical and 46 commensal strains) were then examined for their susceptibilities to tetracyclines, macrolides, lincosamides, aminoglycosides, and phenicol antibiotics. The presence of resistance genes
tet
(M),
tet
(O),
erm
(A),
erm
(B),
mef
(A/E), and
catQ
and associated genetic elements was investigated by PCR, as was the genetic linkage of resistance genes. High rates of erythromycin and tetracycline resistance were observed among the strains. Clinical strains displayed either the
erm
(B) (macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B [MLS
B
] phenotype) or
mef
(A/E) (M phenotype) resistance determinant, whereas almost all the commensal strains harbored the
mef
(A/E) resistance gene, carried by a macrolide efflux genetic assembly (MEGA) element. A genetic linkage between a macrolide resistance gene and genes of Tn
916
was detected in 23 clinical strains and 5 commensal strains, with a predominance of Tn
3872
elements (
n
= 13), followed by Tn
6002
(
n
= 11) and Tn
2009
(
n
= 4) elements. Four strains harboring a
mef
(A/E) gene were also resistant to chloramphenicol and carried a
catQ
gene. Sequencing of the genome of one of these strains revealed that these genes colocalized on an IQ-like element, as already described for other viridans group streptococci. ICE
St3
-related elements were also detected in half of the isolates. This work highlights the potential role of
S. salivarius
in the spread of antibiotic resistance genes both in the oral sphere and in the gut.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Ecology,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,Food Science,Biotechnology
Cited by
39 articles.
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