α-Proteobacterial Symbionts of Marine Bryozoans in the Genus Watersipora

Abstract

ABSTRACT Bacterial symbionts that resembled mollicutes were discovered in the marine bryozoan Watersipora arcuata in the 1980s. In this study, we used PCR and sequencing of 16S rRNA genes, specific fluorescence in situ hybridization, and phylogenetic analysis to determine that the bacterial symbionts of “ W. subtorquata ” and “ W. arcuata ” from several locations along the California coast are actually closely related α- Proteobacteria , not mollicutes. We propose the names “Candidatus Endowatersipora palomitas” and “ Candidatus Endowatersipora rubus” for the symbionts of “ W. subtorquata ” and “ W. arcuata ,” respectively.