Evaluation of the immunofluorescence procedure for detection of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in water

Author:

LeChevallier M W1,Norton W D1,Siegel J E1,Abbaszadegan M1

Affiliation:

1. American Water Works Service Company, Inc., Voorhees, New Jersey 08043, USA.

Abstract

The accurate determination of the presence of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in surface waters requires a reliable method for the detection and enumeration of these pathogenic organisms. Published methods have usually reported recovery efficiencies of less than 50% for both cysts and oocysts. Typically, the losses are greater for Cryptosporidium oocysts than they are for Giardia cysts. The purpose of this study was to examine procedures used for sample collection, elution, concentration, and clarification to determine when losses of cysts and oocysts occurred during processing. The results showed that major losses of cysts and oocysts occurred during centrifugation and clarification. Depending on the centrifugation force, oocyst losses of as high as 30% occurred for each centrifugation step. A 1.15-specific-gravity Percoll-sucrose gradient was needed to optimize recovery of oocysts from natural water samples. Minor improvements in the procedure could be accomplished by selecting a filter other than the recommended 1-micron-pore-size (nominal-porosity) polypropylene filter.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Ecology,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,Food Science,Biotechnology

Reference9 articles.

1. American Society for Testing and Materials. 1991. Proposed test method for Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in low-turbidity water by a fluorescent antibody procedure p. 925-935. In Annual book of ASTM standards vol. 11.01. American Society for Testing and Materials Philadelphia Pa.

2. Commercial laboratories: how accurate are they;Clancy J. L.;J. Am. Water Works Assoc.,1994

3. .Jakubowski W. 1993. Personal communication.

4. Occurrence of Giardia and Cryptosporidium spp. in surface water supplies;LeChevallier M. W.;Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,1991

5. Giardia and Cryptosporidium spp. in filtered drinking water supplies;LeChevallier M. W.;Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,1991

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