Psychological Readiness to Return to Sport After Shoulder Instability

Abstract

» The shoulder is the most commonly dislocated joint in the body, representing 50% of all major joint dislocations. This injury occurs most commonly in contact sports and may be treated either nonoperatively (rest, immobilization, and physical therapy) or surgically.» Several factors contribute to an athlete's recovery after shoulder injury, including psychological readiness that has been identified as having a significant impact on athlete's rate of return to sport. The psychological readiness of athletes can be quantified using patient-reported outcome measures and psychological assessment tools.» Managing priorities and expectations, mood, social support, and confidence have all been identified as factors that affect readiness to return to play. Kinesiophobia was the most common factor reported in patients interviewed after arthroscopic Bankart repair.» Psychological interventions including cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness are aimed at reducing the effects of psychological factors and mood states by decreasing stress, anxiety, and kinesiophobia. These interventions may also increase the rates of return to sport after shoulder instability.