Prognozowanie procesu emisji wodoru z obudowy turbogeneratora z powstawaniem palnych mieszanin wodorowo-powietrznych i spalaniem pochodni

Abstract

Predicting the process of hydrogen emission from the turbogenerator housing with the formation of flammable hydrogen-air mixtures and flare combustion The operation of turbogenerators of nuclear and thermal power plants is accompanied by the release of heat, which contributes to the heating of generator components and can lead to an emergency situation (fire). Since As turbogenerators operate for long periods of time, the process of continuous cooling of generator equipment plays an important role, as its overheating can lead to emergency chain reactions, fires, explosions, etc. Analysis of statistical data on the occurrence of emergency situations (fires) related to hydrogen leaks from process equipment indicates insufficient operational qualifications of operational personnel, poor quality of equipment repair, errors of repair personnel and their violation of technical requirements for repairing equipment and their systems, design defects in equipment and systems that ensure its operation. It has been established that the causes of emergency situations are: hydrogen leakage due to leaks in equipment, spontaneous ignition of hydrogen, the presence of air space in turbogenerator equipment, violation of technological regulations, contamination of hydrogen with moisture and pollution, unhermetization of the generator body. Modeling of the hydrogen combustion process during its release from the casing of a turbine-generator was carried out using the example of a power plant engine room. The study showed that the longest hydrogen combustion time will occur when hydrogen is released through holes with geometric size d0 in the range of 0.05--0.1 m (50--100 mm). At larger values of the geometric size of the hole d0 > 0.1 m, the hydrogen burning time is insignificant, and at values of d0 < 0.005 m, the length of the flame burner L does not exceed 1.15 m. The results of the study confirm that hydrogen flame torch combustion can occur as a result of turbogenerator failure. The calculations established the need for fire protection of the supporting metal structures of the engine room to ensure a fire resistance limit of at least 45 minutes under the hydrocarbon curve.