COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE LEVELS OF INTERACTIVITY AND INTERACTION FOR THE DESIGN OF DESIGN-PRODUCT INTERFACES

Abstract

The article examines the concept of interaction in general and in relation to human-computer interaction. The author reviews the literature on the interaction and interactivity concept from the perspectives of communication, human-computer interaction and cognitive involvement. It is outlined how different directions investigate interaction and its separate aspects, including definitions and classifications. It was observed that interactivity is a related but not identical concept to interaction and requires the use of additional definitions to clarify its nature. It was determined that human-computer interaction is not the endpoint itself, but rather an intermediary between a person and the object or subject of interaction. This necessitates the need for multi-layered design of interaction, which considers the layers of interaction at the level of the interface, at the level of information and at the level of interaction with other people. Various views on the nature of interactivity are outlined: as a mental activity, as determined by technical and functional capabilities, and as a degree of approximation to interpersonal communication. A comparative analysis of levels of interactivity was conducted. Common features make it possible to systematize the levels and bring them into correspondence with each other. The differences between levels with the same names in different classifications, like proactive, active, were considered. It has been found that the classifications of levels of interactivity are mostly based on the degree of freedom of action (active control), management capabilities and the ability of the system to adapt. The focus was made on how different levels are reflected in interface design. A scheme for combining levels of interaction is proposed, which demonstrates the multidimensionality of this construct.