The latest trends in improving CAR-T cell therapy: from leukemia to solid malignant tumors

Abstract

CAR-Т cell therapy with the use of cytotoxic lymphocytes with chimeric antigen receptors occupies an important place among modern approaches to the cancer treatment. This therapy has established itself as an effective method of the treatment of CD19+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nevertheless, the recurrences of the illness are not uncommon; the treatment of solid tumors with genetically engineered lymphocytes shows modest results and it is accompanied by the high toxicity. One thing, however, is certain: CAR-Т cell therapy has great potential in the treatment of cancer and further improving of the structure and functions of genetically engineered lymphocytes with chimeric Т cell receptors help greatly increase the efficiency of antitumor treatment.The review includes the current data on the structure of chimeric lymphocytes of different generations and the trends in improving CAR-Т cell therapy. It includes also the fundamental platform for formation of ideology of use CAR-Т cells for the treatment of solid malignant tumors.