1. Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS), “X-ray tube assemblies for medical use,” JIS Z 4704:200 (2005) in Japanese.
2. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), “Medical electrical equipment – X-ray tube assemblies for medical diagnosis - Characteristics of focal spots,” IEC 60336 ed2.0 (1999).
3. New device for accurate measurement of the x-ray intensity distribution of x-ray tube focal spots
4. Focal-spot measurement: comparison of slit, pinhole, and star resolution pattern techniques.
5. Measurement of focal spot size with slit camera using computed radiography and flat-panel based digital detectors