Incidental findings on lung cancer screening: pictorial essay and systematic checklist

Author:

Penha1,2 Diana1,Pinto1 Erique2,Monaghan2 Colin3,Hochhegger3,4 Bruno4,Marchiori5,6 Edson5,Taborda-Barata1,7 Luís6,Irion8 Klaus7,Ravara7,9,10 Sofia8,Kauczor11,12 Hans-Ulrich9

Affiliation:

1. 1. Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal. 2. Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

2. 1. Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.

3. 2. Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

4. 3. Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (RS) Brasil. 4. University of Florida. Department of Radiology. Gainesville (FL) USA.

5. 5. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (RJ) Brasil. 6. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói (RJ) Brasil.

6. 1. Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal. 7. Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior – CICS-UBI – Covilhã, Portugal.

7. 8. Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.

8. 7. Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior – CICS-UBI – Covilhã, Portugal. 9. Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal. 10. Setor de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Cova da Beira, Covilhã, Portugal.

9. 11. Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. 12. Translational Lung Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.

Abstract

Lung cancer screening (LCS) programs are increasing worldwide. Incidental findings (IFs) on LCS are defined as low-dose CT findings unrelated to the primary purpose of identifying lung cancer. Most IFs on LCS are benign and clinically insignificant but are being increasingly recognized, and some require urgent referral for further diagnostic workup. Other findings are expected and are known as smoking-related comorbidities, including COPD, cardiovascular disease, emphysema, and interstitial lung disease, and their diagnosis can have a significant impact on patient prognosis. The purpose of this pictorial essay is to illustrate the most common IFs on LCS, organized by organ. We will discuss the current literature on IFs on LCS, focusing on their prevalence, appropriate communication, and triggering of clinical pathway systems.

Publisher

Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia

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