Thyroid pathologies in nuclear medicine

Abstract

The presented work describes the thyroid pathologies and the nuclear-medical diagnostic approach, in order to obtain a differential diagnosis and the monitoring of various neoplasms; specifically, it describes the importance of radiometabolic treatment with iodine 131, after thyroidectomy surgery. Through a study conducted in patients suffering from thyroid disease, undergoing metabolic radiotherapy, it is shown that, with equal distribution of radioiodine, uptake with at least 3700 MBq of therapeutic dose is obtained. All this can be seen through the whole body scintigraphic framework, obtained through the use of the double-headed gamma camera with collimators for high emission energies. Radiometabolic treatment is effective in patients with a high risk of relapse, while radioiodine treatment is not recommended in low-risk patients.