INFLUENCE OF PLANTING DENSITY ON PRODUCTIVITY OF SOYBEAN VARIETIES OF DIFFERENT MATURITY GROUPS IN THE NORTHERN STEPPE ZONE OF THE MYKOLAIV REGION

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of productivity formation of soybean varieties of different maturity groups (Annushka - ultra early; Mavka - early ripening; Smuglyanka - mid-ripening), when grown in the Northern Steppe of Mykolaiv region at different plant density (400, 500, 600 and 700 thousand plants per hectare of crop). According to the results of our research, on average for 2020-2021, we found that the biometric parameters of the plants of the studied soybean varieties ranged from 80.8 to 116.1 cm and had an average height of 93.8 cm. The maximum height (104.9 - 116.1 cm) was observed in plants of Smuglyanka variety, and it was found that the highest index was obtained when applying the maximum value of planting density of 700 thousand units/ha. A similar situation was observed for the height of the lower bean on the plant, but it is more due to the biological characteristics of the variety. The thickening of soybean crops affected the reduction of all indicators of the elements of the yield structure. The highest yield of the studied soybean varieties of different maturity groups (2.95 t/ha) was obtained in the variant where the Smuglyanka variety was sown at a plant density of 500 thousand plants per hectare.