Technological features of thick-film electric heating elements

Abstract

The article deals with the technical parameters of thick-film heating elements, the peculiarities of their operation, as well as the scope of use in household and industrial heat-generating electrical devices. The world is constantly researching the possibility of developing heating elements without the aforementioned disadvantages of tube thermal elements, which allow more efficient use of consumed electricity, which leads to significant savings. A new type of heat to heat converter is proposed in this direction. The use of this converter - the heating element - in various industrial and household products can save up to 30% of electricity consumption. At the heart of the design of the heating element is a developed system of different properties of composite nanostructured materials - pastes. On the basis of this system of materials the technology of production of new heating elements with unique properties was created. The heating element is made by screen printing (silk screening) of special composite materials on a dielectric or metal substrate with their subsequent heat treatment. Dielectric, resistive, dielectric layers are sequentially applied to a flat substrate of any configuration, but can also be applied to cylindrical surfaces. Purposeful formation of a conductive structure in the resistive layers of thick-film heating elements and the ability to influence the properties of the nanoscale layer between the particles of the conductive phase allowed to create a group of materials, and on their basis, a series of heating elements with the properties of the technical intellect, environment. The technology for production of heating elements with self-regulation of parameters for wide values of supply voltage, thermal power, and specific heat dissipation power (surface heat flux density) has been developed. One of the significant advantages of the technology is the absence in the resistive paste of expensive and scarce precious metals and their compounds, which are part of similar pastes, offered by leading manufacturers in the world. Due to this, the cost of manufacturing such pastes is substantially lower than that of the world.