Effect of intrauterine insemination with spermatozoa or foreign protein on the mechanism of action of oestradiol in the rat oviduct

Abstract

Previously, we showed that oestradiol accelerates oviductal egg transport through a non-genomic action involving oviductal protein phosphorylation in non-mated rats, and through a genomic action in mated rats. Thus, sensory stimulation, seminal fluid or sperm cells may be the source of signals that switch the mechanism of action of oestradiol in the oviduct to a genomic pathway. The present study examined the ability of spermatozoa to switch the mode of action of oestradiol in the absence of the sensory stimulation and seminal fluid provided by mating. Pro-oestrous rats were inseminated in each uterine horn with epididymal spermatozoa and 12 h later were injected subcutaneously with oestradiol and intrabursally with the mRNA synthesis inhibitor alpha-amanitin. The number of eggs in the oviduct, assessed 24 h later, showed that alpha-amanitin blocked the oestradiol-induced egg transport acceleration, indicating that the interaction of spermatozoa with the genital tract shifts the action of oestradiol from non-genomic to genomic. Other rats were inseminated with live or dead spermatozoa and then treated with the protein kinase inhibitor H-89, and oestradiol. Treatment with H-89 did not block the oestradiol-induced acceleration of egg transport in these rats, although dead spermatozoa did not enter the oviduct, indicating that the mere presence of spermatozoa in the uterus abrogated the non-genomic action of oestradiol in the oviduct. Treatment with H-89 also failed to prevent the acceleration of oviductal egg transport induced by oestradiol in rats inseminated with hamster spermatozoa or with BSA, whereas in rats inseminated with their own serum (autologous proteins), H-89 was able to prevent the effect of oestradiol. This finding reveals that the effect of insemination on the mode of action of oestradiol is neither species-nor sperm-specific and it is produced by foreign organic material. It can be concluded that the presence of spermatozoa or foreign protein in the uterus is one of the components of mating that is capable of switching the action of oestradiol in the oviduct from a non-genomic to a genomic mode.