Appetite- and weight-inducing and -inhibiting neuroendocrine factors in Prader–Willi syndrome, Bardet–Biedl syndrome and craniopharyngioma versus anorexia nervosa

Author:

Vlaardingerbroek H12,van den Akker E L T1,Hokken-Koelega A C S1

Affiliation:

1. 1Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

2. 2Willem-Alexander Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

Abstract

Obesity is reaching an epidemic state and has a major impact on health and economy. In most cases, obesity is caused by lifestyle factors. However, the risk of becoming obese differs highly between people. Individual's differences in lifestyle, genetic, and neuroendocrine factors play a role in satiety, hunger and regulation of body weight. In a small percentage of children and adults with obesity, an underlying hormonal or genetic cause can be found. The aim of this review is to present and compare data on the extreme ends of the obesity and undernutrition spectrum in patients with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS), Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS), acquired hypothalamic obesity in craniopharyngioma patients, and anorexia nervosa. This may give more insight into the role of neuroendocrine factors and might give direction for future research in conditions of severe obesity and underweight.

Publisher

Bioscientifica

Subject

Endocrinology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Internal Medicine

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