Spectrum of thyroid dysfunction and dementia: a dose–response meta-analysis of 344,248 individuals from cohort studies

Author:

Tang Xingyao1,Song Zhi-Hui2,Wang Dawei3,Yang Jinkui4,Augusto Cardoso Marly5,Zhou Jian-Bo4,Simó Rafael67

Affiliation:

1. 1Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

2. 2Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

3. 3General Practice Department, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

4. 4Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

5. 5Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

6. 6Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

7. 7Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain

Abstract

Thyroid hormone, as a modifiable risk factor for dementia, promotes neurocognitive function and regulates metabolic processes. Various studies have defined different thyroid-stimulating hormone cutoffs, but the safest thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration was absent. A dose–response meta-analysis describing the overall functional relation and identifying exposure intervals associated with a higher or lower disease risk is thus desirable. Therefore, our current analysis was conducted to understand the influence of thyroid dysfunction on dementia risk. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science before May 1, 2020 for human studies published in English. Studies were considered for inclusion if they used a cohort study design to measure the risk of dementia in different thyroid function status groups, diagnosed thyroid functional status and all-cause dementia, included participants aged >18 years, and provided quantitative measures of data. The analysis contained 17 articles with 344,248 individuals with a 7.8-year mean follow-up. Ten studies with 329,287 participants indicated that only subclinical hyperthyroidism was associated with an increased risk of dementia. In contrast, subclinical hypothyroidism, clinical hyperthyroidism, and clinical hypothyroidism did not affect dementia. In the dose–response meta-analysis with 46,417 samples from 11 studies, the association of thyroid-stimulating hormone with the risk of dementia exhibited a U-shaped curve. Our study indicated that subclinical hyperthyroidism was associated with the risk of dementia and the thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration at around 1.55–1.60 mU/L as the optimum range for the risk of dementia.

Publisher

Bioscientifica

Subject

Endocrinology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Internal Medicine

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