1. 1) President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research: Deciding to forego life-sustaining treatment: A report on the ethical, medical and legal issues in treatment decisions. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1983.
2. 2) The Hastings Center: Guidelines on the termination of life-sustaining treatment and the care of the dying. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 1987.
3. 3) 清水一成:尊厳死判例.町野朔編,安楽死.尊厳死.末期医療.信山社,東京,1997,p178-200.
4. 4) Prendergast TJ, Luce JM: Increasing incidence of withholding and withdrawal of life support from the critically ill. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 155: 15-20.
5. Recommendations for end-of-life care in the intensive care unit: The Ethics Committee of the Society of Critical Care Medicine