1. Department of Natural Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, Hawaii 96744, USA
2. Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
4. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hawaii Pacific University, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA