Enhanced torque efficiency in ferromagnetic multilayers by introducing naturally oxidized Cu

Author:

Zheng Kun1ORCID,Cao Cuimei2ORCID,Lu Yingying1ORCID,Meng Jing1ORCID,Pan Junpeng1ORCID,Zhao Zhenjie3ORCID,Xu Yang1ORCID,Shang Tian1ORCID,Zhan Qingfeng1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University 1 , Shanghai 200241, China

2. School of Integrated Circuits & Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology 2 , Wuhan 430074, China

3. School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University 3 , Shanghai 200241, China

Abstract

Spin–orbit torque (SOT) in the heavy elements with a large spin–orbit coupling (SOC) has been frequently used to manipulate the magnetic states in spintronic devices. Recent theoretical works have predicted that the surface oxidized light elements with a negligible SOC can yield a sizable orbit torque (OT), which plays an important role in switching the magnetization. Here, we report anomalous-Hall-resistance and harmonic-Hall-voltage measurements on perpendicularly magnetized Ta/Cu/[Ni/Co]5/Cu-CuOx multilayers. Both torque efficiency and spin-Hall angle of these multilayers are largely enhanced by introducing a naturally oxidized Cu-CuOx layer, where the SOC is negligible. Such an enhancement is mainly due to the collaborative driven of the SOT from the Ta layer and the OT from the Cu/CuOx interface and can be tuned by controlling the thickness of Cu-CuOx layer. Compared to the Cu-CuOx-free multilayers, the maximum torque efficiency and spin-Hall angle were enhanced by a factor of ten, larger than most of the reported values in the other heterostructures.

Funder

Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipality

Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Shanghai Pujiang Program

Publisher

AIP Publishing

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