Velocity map imaging spectroscopy of C2H− and C2D−: A benchmark study of vibronic coupling interactions

Abstract

High-resolution velocity-map imaged photoelectron spectra of the ethynyl anions C2H− and C2D− are measured at photon wavelengths between 355 and 266 nm to investigate the complex interactions between the closely lying [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] electronic states. An indicative kinetic energy resolution of 0.4%, together with the full angular dependence of the fast electrons, provides a detailed description of the vibronically coupled structure. It is demonstrated that a modest quadratic vibronic coupling model, parameterized by the quasidiabatic ansatz, is sufficient to accurately recreate all the observed vibronic interactions. Simulated spectra are shown to be in excellent agreement with the experimental data, verifying the proposed model and providing a framework that may be used to accurately simulate spectra of larger C2 nH monohydride carbon chains. New spectral assignments are supported by experimental electron anisotropy measurements and Dyson orbital calculations.