Dynamics of Janus vesicles passing through a narrow pore

Abstract

Janus vesicles have garnered significant attention due to their versatility and potential applications. Investigating the perforation dynamics of Janus vesicles represents a fundamental physical inquiry in this distinctive structure and helps to understand their promising applications in drug delivery, biomedicine, and others. However, the perforation kinetic behavior of Janus vesicles has yet to be elaborated. Here, we employ the finite element method to explore the dynamics of Janus vesicles passing through a narrow pore in a microchannel. Results demonstrate that Janus vesicles, characterized by their asymmetric membrane structure, have a non-negligible effect on vesicle deformation while crossing the pore. Specifically, the Janus property strengthens membrane deformation on the low modulus side while weakening it on the high modulus side. Additionally, Janus vesicles exhibit an increased perforation speed. Results further determine that the non-axially positioned Janus vesicles experience a bigger rotation angle than uniform modulus vesicles by constructing the rotation angle θ. This research provides valuable insight into the movement and deformation of Janus vesicles during their passage through a pore, which can guide optimization and design of Janus vesicles for drug carriers, catalysis, and more.