Phenomenological statistics of diluted charged solutions (Review Article)

Abstract

The consistent interpretation of the equilibrium and simplest transport properties of diluted liquid electrolytes, the normal and cryogenic ones, by analogy with the observed consequences of electron-hole statistics in crystalline semiconductors is proposed. The consideration is based on the micro characteristics of individual charged clusters, introduced phenomenologically, such as their energies, effective masses, etc. The possibilities of extracting these parameters from the available experimental data are discussed in detail. This is crucial for explaining the very possibility of the statistical consideration of what is unfolding in electrolytes. A deep analogy between the statistics of electrolytes and that of solid-state semiconductors is noted. Its presence is the basis of the phenomenology being developed.