On cavitation in the radial flow of a thin lubricating film between two overlying disks

Abstract

This study is focused on the characterization and modeling of aviation fuel cavitation physics in radial flow in a thin layer between two disks—a geometry highly relevant to aviation fuel pump systems. This involves a lower circular disk with a centrally located fuel injection port and a matching disk resting on top of the lower disk. In the described experiments, we have quantified and compared cavitating disk behavior for distilled water and JP-5 fuel at various inlet supply pressures via high-speed imaging and radial pressure measurements. High-speed imaging data were used to quantify the radial collapse location of cavitation voids. An enhanced gradient shadowgraphy method was employed to obtain the spatial–temporal evolution of propagating bubbly shock waves. This technique revealed unsteady shock waves propagating in a spiral motion in JP-5 fuel, while a standing bubbly shock was observed in water. In our modeling efforts, the Rayleigh–Plesset equation was adapted to a spatial form in order to predict the radial location of cavitation bubble collapse. Further work incorporated the spatial Rayleigh–Plesset equation into the barotropic model that has been used previously for cavitating nozzle flows and generalized it to radial flow geometry in order to reproduce radial pressure profiles obtained from the experiment. The model predictions of the radial location of bubble collapse and the radial pressure profiles are shown to be in excellent agreement with the experiments. This approach will be valuable for predicting aviation fuel cavitation in complex fuel system geometries.