An electrokinetic preconcentration trapping pattern in electromembrane microfluidics

Author:

Chen Qing12ORCID,Liu Xiangyong34,Lei Yanhua5,Zhu Hehua34

Affiliation:

1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Tongji University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201804, China

2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China

3. State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

4. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

5. Institute of Marine Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China

Abstract

Electrokinetic flows near ion-selective membranes, which produce field amplification and electrokinetic preconcentration, have broad applications in preconcentration engineering since almost all electrochemical chips live in saline surroundings. Despite some published work related to electrokinetic molecular concentration, the electrokinetic trapping pattern has not yet been investigated in previous experimental and theoretical studies. By finite element simulations, the paper is concerned with the transition behavior of the trapping pattern in a membrane-embedded microfluidic channel. Regulating the cross-membrane voltage, Debye number, and surface charge, the local interaction of electric field force and electro-osmotic flow distorts the trapping location, resulting in the realization of a series of trapping patterns switches. We find the transition behavior of the trapping pattern in a membrane-embedded microfluidic channel, from a plateau preconcentration plug outside the vortex to a plug with a Gaussian-like distribution and even to a final spike-like pattern of stagnation points inside the vortex. For a small Debye number, the trapping patterns are characterized by stagnation points, an electrokinetic preconcentration pattern formed inside the vortex, and a concentration with spike-like shapes. Upon increasing the cross-membrane voltage and surface charge, the effect of local vortices can modulate the scaling behavior of enrichment factors at the stagnation points, yet the platform preconcentration plug is basically consistent with the existing experimental observations. These intriguing phenomenological patterns have promising applications in separation, desalination, and electrochemistry.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

Publisher

AIP Publishing

Subject

Condensed Matter Physics,Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes,Mechanics of Materials,Computational Mechanics,Mechanical Engineering

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