1. Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil and Gas Development (China University of Petroleum (East China)), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, People’s Republic of China
2. School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, People’s Republic of China
3. Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People’s Republic of China
4. Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA