Research on emergency protection system for personnel safety in cable tunnels based on ultra-wideband

Abstract

This study comprehensively explores the application of ultra-wideband (UWB) technology in enhancing the safety and emergency protection of cable tunnel personnel. With the increase in electricity demand, traditional operation and maintenance methods of power grid cable tunnels are facing challenges, and there is an urgent need for more efficient and intelligent management methods. This article provides a detailed introduction to the principle, advantages, and application prospects of UWB positioning technology in cable tunnels, emphasizing its important role in high-precision positioning. UWB technology exhibits centimeter level precise positioning capability by emitting nanosecond narrow pulse signals and utilizing multipath propagation phenomena for ranging and positioning. This technology has multiple ranging methods, including one-way and two-way ranging based on time of arrival, as well as methods based on time difference. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and it is suitable for different application scenarios. For example, one-way ranging is simple and direct but requires strict clock synchronization, while two-way ranging does not require high clock synchronization and has fewer communication times and low power consumption. In addition, this article also proposes an adaptive extended Kalman filtering algorithm for correcting ranging errors in non-line of sight environments, which significantly improves the stability and accuracy of the system in occluded environments. Through experimental verification, the algorithm effectively reduces the average error, further confirming the feasibility and effectiveness of UWB positioning technology in cable tunnel management. UWB technology has shown great potential in improving the safety of cable tunnels, providing an innovative solution for the construction and management of smart grids.