Analysis of electromagnetic wave characteristics of heterogeneous plasma sheath based on the ZT-DGTD

Abstract

A hypersonic plasma sheath is an unmagnetized, weakly ionized, and inhomogeneous plasma flow that causes a blackout in radio communication. Studying the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a plasma flow is of significant importance for addressing potential communication disruptions. The discontinuous Galerkin time domain method based on the Z-transform for dispersive media is derived, and the derivation of the Z-transformation is concise and effective. According to different sizes of the plasma parameter, the non-uniform flow field was divided into two enhancement regions and two attenuation regions. By observing the changes in amplitude and phase of electromagnetic fields in different regions of the flow field, the effects of enhancement and attenuation regions on electromagnetic waves can be clearly observed. When the plasma flow field has a significant effect on electromagnetic scattering, regions with different parameters in the flow field exhibit different or even opposite changes in the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic field. The effects of the enhanced and attenuated regions on electromagnetic scattering can cancel each other out. Under different band conditions, two regions play a dominant role in electromagnetic scattering. The dust plasma flow field was expressed by the relative dielectric constant of weakly ionized dust plasma, and the influence of the dust plasma on electromagnetic scattering was studied. The influence of plasma flow on electromagnetic scattering is weakened by dust particles. This study provides new insights into the influence of non-uniform flow fields on incident waves.