A generalized model for tribovoltaic nanogenerator

Author:

Guo Xin12ORCID,You Jing12ORCID,Wei Di12ORCID,Shao Jiajia12ORCID,Wang Zhong Lin12345ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences 1 , Beijing 101400, People's Republic of China

2. School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 2 , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China

3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology 3 , Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, USA

4. Guangzhou Institute of Blue Energy 4 , Knowledge City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou 510555, People's Republic of China

5. Yonsei Frontier Lab, Yonsei University 5 , Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea

Abstract

Converting mechanical energy into direct-current electric power based on the tribovoltaic effect is a typical characteristic of tribovoltaic nanogenerators (TVNGs). Although this newly discovered physics effect has been devoted to numerous research studies recently, a generalized theoretical model is still missing, thus unable to comprehensively elaborate the working principles of TVNG. Unlike previous qualitative explanations restricted to the conventional diffusion-drift theory, a new theoretical model is proposed according to classical semiconductor physics. Using the model, the governing equation of a TVNG is derived for the first time, which provides possibilities for revealing the variations of basic physical variables whether within the device or in an external circuit. The direct-current output is suggested to be the coupling of the tribovoltaic effect and contact electrification; in detail, it directly results from the movement and realignment of quasi-Fermi levels for excess carriers that are contiguous to the junction/contacting interface under non-equilibrium conditions. Moreover, an equivalent circuit model is established, equivalent to a constant current source parallel to a p–n junction diode according to the lumped parameter circuit theory. Notably, a new term, mechano-induced electric field EM, is defined and introduced to describe the impact of triboelectric charges at interfaces. Furthermore, using the COMSOL Multiphysics software, a dynamic simulation model for TVNGs is proposed, allowing the simulation and calculation of various TVNGs with different geometric constructions and charge distributions.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Youth Innovation Promotion Association

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

National Key R&D Project from Minister of Science and Technology

Publisher

AIP Publishing

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