An in situ stretching instrument combined with low field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR): Rheo-Spin NMR

Abstract

An in situ stretching instrument combined with low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) was designed and developed, namely, Rheo-Spin NMR. The time resolved stress–strain curve together with the corresponding NMR signal can be simultaneously obtained. The Rheo-Spin NMR contains the functional modules, including (1) the in situ stretching module, (2) the NMR signal acquisition module, and (3) the cavity of the NMR positioning module. The unique ring-like shape of the sample is used to replace the traditional dumbbell sample due to limited space in the NMR probe, and the whole ring-like sample will be deformed during the uniaxial stretching process, which avoids the generation of interference signals from the undeformed sample. The designed stretching assembly made by zirconia ceramics is manufactured to match and stretch the ring-like samples. The strain rate can be tuned within the range of 10−5–10−2 s−1 with the maximum stretching ratio λmax of ∼3.8. The in situ stretching experiments combined with LF-NMR were carried out successfully with natural rubber of different fractions of carbon black. The time-resolved T2 relaxometry was adopted to evaluate segmental relaxation during uniaxial deformation which, for the first time, provides the direct and in situ molecular dynamics information. The Rheo-Spin NMR is promising to provide more in-depth insights into the structure and dynamics evolution of polymer products under real service conditions.