Continuously tunable uniaxial strain control of van der Waals heterostructure devices

Author:

Liu Zhaoyu1ORCID,Ma Xuetao2ORCID,Cenker John1,Cai Jiaqi1ORCID,Fei Zaiyao1ORCID,Malinowski Paul1ORCID,Mutch Joshua1ORCID,Zhao Yuzhou12ORCID,Hwangbo Kyle1,Lin Zhong1ORCID,Manna Arnab1,Yang Jihui2,Cobden David1ORCID,Xu Xiaodong12,Yankowitz Matthew12ORCID,Chu Jiun-Haw1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physics, University of Washington 1 , Seattle, Washington 98195, USA

2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington 2 , Seattle, Washington 98195, USA

Abstract

Uniaxial strain has been widely used as a powerful tool for investigating and controlling the properties of quantum materials. However, existing strain techniques have so far mostly been limited to use with bulk crystals. Although recent progress has been made in extending the application of strain to two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures, these techniques have been limited to optical characterization and extremely simple electrical device geometries. Here, we report a piezoelectric-based in situ uniaxial strain technique enabling simultaneous electrical transport and optical spectroscopy characterization of dual-gated vdW heterostructure devices. Critically, our technique remains compatible with vdW heterostructure devices of arbitrary complexity fabricated on conventional silicon/silicon dioxide wafer substrates. We demonstrate a large and continuously tunable strain of up to −0.15% at millikelvin temperatures, with larger strain values also likely achievable. We quantify the strain transmission from the silicon wafer to the vdW heterostructure, and further demonstrate the ability of strain to modify the electronic properties of twisted bilayer graphene. Our technique provides a highly versatile new method for exploring the effect of uniaxial strain on both the electrical and optical properties of vdW heterostructures and can be easily extended to include additional characterization techniques.

Funder

National Science Foundation

Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation

Basic Energy Sciences

Army Research Office

David and Lucile Packard Foundation

Clean Energy Institute

Publisher

AIP Publishing

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