Nematic superconductivity in a one-dimensional system of massless fermions

Author:

Loktev V. M.1ORCID,Turkowski V.2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Bogolyubov Institute of Theoretical Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03143, Ukraine National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv 03056, Ukraine

2. Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA

Abstract

The superconducting properties of the one-dimensional model of “relativistic” fermions with attraction generated by antiferromagnetic (Heisenberg) pair superexchange spin interaction are studied. Namely, we demonstrate that such a pairing in this system takes place in the nematic channel, with extended s-wave symmetry, where the attraction between fermions mostly takes place when the fermions occupy the nearest sites. It is demonstrated, that the zero-temperature properties of such a system are rather different from the “standard” case of superconductivity with local attraction. For instance, the order parameter has an unusual helical momentum dependence, [Formula: see text], where a is the lattice parameter and the dependence of the gap on doping has a bell shape, qualitatively similar to cuprate high- Tc superconductors. Finally, the smooth transition from the overlapping pair to the local pair regime (or BCS–BEC crossover) in the nematic phase takes place at much lower values of doping as compared to the local pairing case, i.e., the “relativistic 1D” nematic superconductor is much less “friendly” to the local pairs. We also discuss the possible relation of the properties of this model to the superconducting properties of twisted graphene.

Publisher

AIP Publishing

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)

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