Optimization of assessment of the function of the main protective mechanisms of the respiratory system based on the use of albumin aerosol

Abstract

The most informative, direct and non-invasive method for studying the basic protective mechanisms of the respiratory organs, the processes of deposition of inhaled substances and the clearance of them from the lungs is radioaerosol. It involves the inhalation of a diagnostic drug labeled with a radioisotope or a radioactive drug, based on the dynamics of distribution and excretion of which the indicated processes are judged. These processes and the accuracy of their assessment depend on the aerodynamic properties of the inhalant. In order to optimize the measurement of the parameters of the aerodynamic properties of a diagnostic aerosol and the function of the main protective mechanisms of the respiratory organs, a comparative analysis of different measurement methods and dispersion systems of albumin, chosen by us as the most physiological material, was performed. It has been established that the most informative and economically feasible method for assessing the aerodynamic properties of an inhalant is scanning electron microscopy. A comparative assessment of albumin macroaggregates produced by foreign representatives and albumin microspheres produced using the technology of domestic researchers, carried out using scanning electron microscopy, indicates that domestic albumin microspheres have optimal aerodynamic parameters for studying lung deposition and clearance. However, to make a final judgment about the possibilities of using these albumin microspheres, a direct assessment of their deposition in the lungs is necessary.