Project Leadership and Performance of World Bank Funded Projects in Kenya

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of project leadership on performance of World Bank funded projects in Kenya. Additionally, the study assessed the moderating effect of project environment on the relationship between project leadership and performance of World Bank funded projects in Kenya. The World Bank had been a key supporter of development projects in Kenya, financing various sectors such as transport, energy, water, urban development, health, public sector management, and social protection since 1960. Infrastructure development played a crucial role in determining a country's overall productivity and economic development. However, the performance of World Bank funded projects in Kenya had been a matter of concern due to delays and limited stakeholder consultation, impacting their effectiveness negatively. The study was anchored on two theories i.e., Contingency Theory, and Control Theory. Adopting a positivism philosophy, the research employed a cross-sectional survey design, focusing on all 62 World Bank funded projects that were completed between 2016 to 2021. The target population consisted of 310 individuals, including project managers, coordinators, supervisors, monitoring and evaluation officials, and representatives from the National Treasury. Simple random sampling was used to select respondents. Primary data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire, while secondary data was also integrated into the analysis. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentages, mean, and standard deviation were used to describe the characteristics of the variables. Multiple regression models established relationships between the variables. Qualitative data underwent content analysis. The research instruments were validated through a pilot study, the findings indicated significant relationships between project leadership and project performance in World Bank funded projects (R²=0.720, F=300.436, p<0.001). In conclusion project leadership play vital roles in project success, project environment acts as a moderator, influencing the relationship between project leadership and project performance. Based on the results, it is recommended to strengthen project leadership skills, and consider the project environment's impact to improve the outcomes of World Bank funded projects. These measures can contribute to better project performance and overall success.