Chronic otitis media with effusion in children: cytological aspects of confirmation of the stages of the disease

Abstract

The article presents a description and scientific substantiation of cytological aspects of confirmation of stages of otitis media with effusion (OME). The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to the formation of exudate in the middle ear cavity are presented. The nature of the cellular landscape in accordance with the current stage of the disease is substantiated. Based on the study, cytograms were analyzed that reflect a specific stage of the disease. Each type of cytogram allows you to reliably assess the degree of degenerative changes in the mucous membrane of the tympanic cavity. The proposed cytological study of exudate in OME makes it possible to clearly determine the type of inflammatory process in the tympanic cavity, and also contributes to the final establishment of the stage of the process from the position of morphological and functional classification by N.S. Dmitriev and al. (1996), classification M. Tos (1976). Currently, there is no cytological classification of exudate in OME depending on the stage of the disease, which complicates the clinical and instrumental diagnosis of the features of the disease. The ability to assess the state of local immunity (cytological study of the secret of the middle ear) allows to predict the clinical course of the disease, followed by the optimal choice of personalized tactics of therapeutic measures in hospital and outpatient treatment.