Use of multilayer auto- and allografts for repair of tympanic membrane defects

Abstract

There is the large number of publications on the short- and long-term anatomical and functional outcomes of using different grafts in the closing of total and subtotal tympanic membrane defects. This confirms the continuing relevance of choosing the material for a graft. During the study done in the otorhinolaryngology clinic of the Kirov Military Medical Academy, we had analyzed the results of different cartilage grafts in myringoplasty: auricular autocartilage, nasal septum autocartilage, and allogeneic tissue graft. The study included patients with normal auditory tube function. All patients underwent lateral placement of the graft. The effectiveness of myringoplasty was assessed by clinical, morphological, and functional results after 1 month and after 1 year. Otomicroscopic assessment was carried out according to the state of the neotympanic membrane on the scale of morphological criteria of O.N. Borisenko, the function was assessed using tympanometry data. As a result of the study, we had found that all grafts have good sound-conducting properties and can be successfully used in myringoplasty in patients with chronic otitis media. However, plastic surgery with nasal septum cartilage and allogeneic costal cartilage has advantages over plastic surgery with auricular cartilage.