Distinct factors correlating with adverse cardiac events after major vascular surgery

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular complications remain the principal cause of both morbidity and mortality after major vascular surgery. The well-known coincidence between vascular disease and coronary artery disease provided the rationale for a detailed analysis of major perioperative cardiovascular complications in their relation to preoperative and intraoperative parameter. Methods and Patients: 90 patients scheduled to undergo either femoral-popliteal bypass (n = 74) or repair of an infrarenal aortic aneurysm (n = 16) were prospectively included in the study. All patients had no signs of unstable cardiac disease and required no cardiac testing. Both preoperative and intraoperative parameter were correlated to adverse cardiac events (cardiac death and myocardial infarction -MI). Results: Univariate analysis identified the following parameter to be significantly related to cardiac complications: prior MI and intraoperative hypertension (systolic blood pressure above 200 mmHg). In contrast perioperative betablocker therapy was revealed to be protective. In multivariate analysis the history of MI and intraoperative hypertension correlated with poor cardiac outcome. Conclusions: Our results underline the importance of the individual history in predicting perioperative risk and corroborate the beneficial effects of long-standing beta-blocker therapy. Additionally the significance of stable intraoperative hemodynamic parameter is demonstrated.