Interdisciplinary and Psychiatric Treatment of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids Users

Author:

Butzke Ingo1,Iff Samuel12,Zitzmann Michael3,Quednow Boris B.2,Claussen Malte Christian145

Affiliation:

1. Clinic for Psychosis and Dependence, PZM Psychiatry Center Münsingen AG, Münsingen, Switzerland

2. Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

3. Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Department of Clinical and Operative Andrology, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany

4. Private Clinic Wyss AG, Münchenbuchsee, Switzerland

5. Adult Psychiatry, Psychiatric Services Grisons, Chur, Switzerland

Abstract

Abstract. The prevalence of anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS; anabolic steroids) use in recreational sports is underestimated. Due to the influence of social media, an increase in AAS use in recreational sports and in the general population is to be expected. AAS use is associated with significant physical and mental health consequences, and the psychiatric consequences include the risk of developing addictive behaviour. The widespread stigmatization of AAS use also by professionals often undermines users’ trust in physicians and drives them into the arms of so-called “gurus.” The tightening of anti-doping practices in sports and an exclusively prohibitive stance have so far failed to convincingly curb the problem in recreational sports. Harm reduction strategies could help patients to get the help they need from primary care providers.

Publisher

Hogrefe Publishing Group

Subject

General Medicine

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