SCHOOLCHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS HEALTH PROBLEMS IN SAMARA: CURRENT TRENDS

Abstract

Objectives - to reveal the health dynamics in schoolchildren in Samara, to identify the types of pathological conditions. Material and methods. We used data from school medical records of pupils in grades 1-4 (2070 children), clinical examination of adolescents aged 14 years (788 people), and data of dynamic monitoring of schoolchildren aged 15-17 years (1002 people). Statistical processing was carried out according to the standard procedure using a package of Windows applications (Excel, Word), Statistica. Results. We revealed the decrease in the number of healthy children from 1st to 4th grade from 27.2% to 8.8%, and an increased quantity of pupils with functional and chronic health conditions. The morbidity analysis of the 1st grade schoolchildren demonstrated the high ranks of nervous system diseases, mental and behavioral disorders (289.3% and 241.6%), the third place was taken by musculoskeletal system pathologies (200.0%), in the fourth - diseases of the respiratory system (148.8%), in the fifth - diseases of the eye (144.1%). In the 4th grade the leader was the diseases of the musculoskeletal system (548.5%), diseases of the eye (374.4%), diseases of the digestive system (167.4%). In adolescents the pathology of musculoskeletal system was most often registered (376.0%), vision impairment was the following (346.6%). Conclusion. In respect to the nosology and dynamics of health problems in schoolchildren it is necessary to identify the risk factors and to implement targeted prevention programs.