Effectiveness of Clove Oil (Syzigium aromaticum) as Biolarvacide of Aedes aegypti

Abstract

Background: The vector control that is often done so far is by chemical control, which will continually have a negative impact. Therefore, it is necessary to control methods that are more friendly to the environment, effective and efficient, and safe for health, one of which is the use of essential oils from plants. Clove (Syzigium aromaticum) is one of the plants that can be used as an alternative larvicide to kill mosquito vectors because it contains many chemical compounds, including eugenol compounds, eugenol acetate, methyl eugenol, b-caryophyllene, methyl eugenol, saponins, flavonoids and larvicidal tannins. Objective: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of clove leaf waste oil (Syzygium ) as a biolarvicide for the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Methods: The research method used is experimental with a Quasi-Experimental Design approach and Post-test Control Group Design. The object of this research is clove leaf waste oil (Syzigium aromaticum) that has been obtained from the distillation of dried clove leaf waste. The object of this research is the third-stage larvae and adult Aedes aegypti mosquitoes obtained by rearing or self-reproducing mosquitoes in the laboratory. The bioassay test method used a glass test vessel with a volume of 200 ml of solution consisting of a mixture of water (aquades) with clove leaf waste oil. This study used a treatment concentration of 0.006%; 0.007%; 0.008%; 0.009% and 0.01%. The control used aquades (0%). Then put 25 Aedes aegypti larvae in the test container and then observe the number of mortality larvae during 24 hours of observation. Results: The results showed that clove (Syzygium aromaticum) leaf waste oil was effective as a biolarvicide with LC50 at a concentration of 0.005% and Kruskal Wallis test value of 0.000 (P<0.05) which means that there is significant difference in the number of deaths of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae at each concentration. Conclusion: Clove leaf waste oil (Syzygium aromaticum) is effective as a biolarvicide for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.