Estimation of Aldose Reductase Activity and Malondialdehyde Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to insufficient secretion or action of insulin.Elevated oxidative stress and diminished antioxidants may play an important role to develop T2DM and its complications. Aldose reductase (AR) enzyme plays a key role in the reduction of glucose to sorbitol by Polyol pathway. To estimate the AR activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and in patients with T2DM. In this case-control study, a total number of 60 subjects (30 T2DM and 30 age-matched controls) wererecruited.Fasting blood sugar (FBS), Post-Prandial blood sugar (PPBS), AR activity and MDA levels were estimated in all the subjects. The AR activity was estimated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen (NADPH) oxidation method. The plasma MDA levels were estimated by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) method. For Statistical analysis, all the data were compared between the two groups by using unpaired t-test. Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated among T2DM. A P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant for all data analyzed. The mean of FBS, PPBS, AR activity, and MDA levels were found significantly high in T2DM as compared to controls (P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001, respectively). A significant positive correlation was found between FBS and PPBS among T2DM (r=0.71, P<0.01). However, There was no significant correlation found between AR activity and MDA level among T2DM (r=0.002, P>0.05). Results showed thatthe mean of FBS, PPBS, AR activity, and MDA levels were found significantly higher in T2DM than controls. There was no significant correlation found between AR activity and MDA level among T2DM.