Place and Possibilities of the Robotic System Lokomat in the Rehabilitation of Patients After Ischemic Stroke

Abstract

Ischemic stroke is still a very common disease with quite serious consequences. Modern medicine considers in this regard its main task in the curation of such patients, the maximum possible restoration of the functions of the affected brain and the volume of its control over the body. Due to the rapid development of medicine associated with the emergence of innovative technologies in the field of rehabilitation, hardware methods of rehabilitation today have gone far ahead and have in their arsenal a lot of high-tech tools. For this purpose, a search is being made for means of increasing the activity of brain cells located in the affected area. Of particular importance in this regard are the methods of rehabilitation in the early recovery period after ischemic stroke using robotic methods of mechanotherapy, one of which is the use of the Lokomat system. Among them, a prominent place is occupied by the walking training system - Lokomat, consisting of robotic orthoses and a body support device, which are combined with a treadmill. Information about the successful use of Lokomat during the rehabilitation of patients with movement disorders is still scattered, and this required their generalization and understanding. The main advantage of this system is the ability to effectively control and ensure high intensity, repeatability (reproducibility) and purposefulness of the trained movements. The convincing advantages of automated training on the Lokomat system compared to traditional rehabilitation in terms of various clinical indicators in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis have been identified. It was shown that in patients trained on the Lokomat system, a single support on the paretic leg intensified, which contributed to a more symmetrical gait. This system is more than other devices and technologies designed for learning to walk, in line with the modern approach to the restoration of impaired motor functions. The inclusion of training sessions on the Lokomat robotic system in the comprehensive treatment of patients with post-stroke hemiparesis leads to a marked improvement in movement skills. This is associated with a pronounced restructuring against the background of its use of the motor stereotype of walking, which makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of recreational activities in post-stroke patients.