The Comparison of Lipid Profile in Heart Failure Patients with and without Acute Renal Dysfunction

Abstract

The incidence of heart failure (particularly heart failure with reduced ejection fraction/HFREF) is increasing over time, especially in developing nations. Based on the most recent data from Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2020 (RISKESDAS/Baseline Health Research), heart failure has become the highest etiology of mortality for patients with heart disease in Bali. Moreover, in patients with chronic kidney disease that have already undergone hemodialysis, the incidence of heart failure is increasing to more than 80% of the population. The correlation between renal dysfunction and heart failure has been known extensively with the term “Cardiorenal syndrome”. However, there is a paucity of literature regarding the prevention of renal dysfunction in heart failure patients and the control of dyslipidemia risk factors for preventing renal dysfunction. Renal dysfunction is not only a cause of morbidity but also a risk factor for heart failure patients' mortality; therefore, prevention is essential for improving heart failure patients' prognosis. We conduct research to compare the lipid profiles of patients with acute renal dysfunction and those without acute renal dysfunction who have heart failure. Based on the results of the lipid profile, we enrolled 70 consecutive heart failure patients with dyslipidemia or non-dyslipidemia. The incidence of renal failure in the group with dyslipidemia is 84.2%. We found that acute renal dysfunction patients had a statistically significant (p<0.05) increase in dyslipidemia compared to non-renal dysfunction patients, particularly with high LDL levels. The association between statin therapy and a low incidence of acute renal failure in patients with heart failure was statistically significant (p<0.05), according to additional findings from our study.