Enhancing the Biodegradability of LDPE Plastic Waste through Sustainable Bacterial Isolates from Saudi Arabian Soils

Abstract

ABSTRACT: The unregulated utilization and extensive disposal of synthetic polymers, resulting in excessive buildup in natural ecosystems, has become a significant cause for alarm. Consequently, there is a pressing need for the development of sustainable plastic degradation methodologies. In the present study, the potential of new Bacillus strains isolated from five petroleum stations to degrade plastics LDPE (Low-density polyethylene) and polyester: plastic bags, bottles and cups was investigated. Following bacterial screening and molecular identification, two strains with no previously known plastic removal ability, Bacillus cytotoxicus SB 9 and Bacillus sp. revealed good plastic biodegradation ability at 37 ºC surfaces with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and pronounced weight loss were observed with the mixture of bacterial isolates mainly on the plastic cup, bottle and then the bag. These results indicate the ability of these novel Bacillus sp. to develop a synthetic polymer degrading mechanism as a promising, smart eco-friendly plastic waste management for the soil environment.