Prediabetes, Dyslipidemia, and Hypertension in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: A Cross-sectional Study at a Tertiary Hospital in Cirebon District, Indonesia

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease ranks first as the cause of death worldwide, including in Indonesia. Several risk factors, such as prediabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, are known to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. AIM: This study aims to describe prediabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension as risk factors in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study at a tertiary hospital in Cirebon district, Indonesia. All patients who were hospitalized with ACS from January to December 2021 and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. Secondary data regarding age, sex, risk factors, and type of ACS were collected through patient medical records. Data are presented through tables and graphs. RESULTS: A total of 60 ACS patients were recruited in this study, most were male (63.3%). Nearly half of the sample had N-STEMI (46.7%). A total of 35% of the sample had prediabetes (35%) and more than half (58.3%) had hypertension. As many as two-thirds of the samples had dyslipidemia. In young ACS patients (≤45 years), 35.8% had prediabetes, 67.9% dyslipidemia, and 56.6% hypertension. CONCLUSION: Prediabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension in ACS patients are the most common risk factors, both young and >45 years old. Early prevention of these risk factors from a young age needs to be prioritized to prevent ACS at a later age.