Management and Prevention of Nosocomial Urinary Tract Infections

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Nosocomial infections are the leading cause of mortality, due to acquired nosocomial infections. Nosocomial urinary tract infections occur during or after hospitalization in patients who did not have an incubation phase of the infection at the time of admission to the hospital. AIM: In this study, we aim to define and manage nosocomial urinary tract infections in intensive care at University Hospital Center “Mother Teresa” Tirana. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1350 patients were included in the study, of which 115 patients resulted in nosocomial nosocomial infections. The mean age of patients was 62 ± 16.6 years. RESULTS: Out of 1350 patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care during the period October 2019 - December 2020, 4% of patients result in urinary tract infections or 45% of the total for 115 cases of nosocomial infections. We see that men have a higher percentage than women of being affected by urinary tract infections, it is significant (p < 0.001). The etiological cause of nosocomial urinary tract infections was Escherichia coli in 61.5% of cases. For nosocomial urinary tract infections, patients are monitored for fever, examination of urine complete, and uroculture. The mean hospital stay for patients without nosocomial infection of the urinary tract was 4 days, while that of those with urinary tract infection was 18.49 ± 27.68 (from 5 to 180 days). In comparison to the mean mentioned above, it is significant (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Nosocomial urinary tract infections are common in patients admitted to intensive care. Key recommendations should be given on diagnostic strategies, testing, selection of antibiotics as well as duration of treatment. We also need to collect data on how to prevent nosocomial infections in general and nosocomial urinary tract infections in particular.