Effect of Andaliman (Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium) Fruit Extract on Anticancer Activity of HEPG2 Liver Cancer Cell Lines

Abstract

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or hepatoma is the most common primary liver cancer and causes many deaths. Andaliman extract functions as an antioxidant against several cancer cells such as breast cancer cells and cervical cancer cells. Aim: To investigate the effect of andaliman fruit extract (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) on the anticancer activity of HepG2 liver cancer cell lines. Methods: This research is an experimental study, exploratory laboratory to prove andaliman fruit extract to inhibit proliferation rate, inhibit growth, and triggers apoptosis of HepG2 liver cancer cell lines in vitro. HepG2 liver cancer cell lines were cultured on a suitable and controlled medium to grow. The n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract and ethanol extract of andaliman fruit were dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solution, vortexed and made up with MK-RPMI. Further dilution was carried out to obtain a test solution with a concentration of 500 ug/mL, 250 ug/mL, 125 ug/mL, 62.5 ug/mL and 31.2 ug/mL. The cytotoxicity test results of andaliman fruit against HepG2 cells was carried out using the MTT assay. Results: In this study we found that the IC50 of andaliman fruit extract was 122,656 µg/mL. Conclusions: The results show that there is a cytotoxic activity from the andaliman extract on HepG2 liver cancer cell. Our further study is to assess and compare the anticancer activity from the andaliman extract and doxorubicin on HepG2 liver cancer cell.   Keywords:  Hepatocellular carcinoma, Zanthoxylum acanthopodium, extract, anticancer, HepG2.