Effect of Avocado (Persea Americana Mill.) Peel Extract on the Diabetic Male White Rats: Preclinical Study

Abstract

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DMT2) is one of the most common non-communicable diseases (NCDs) worldwide. T2DM is also the leading cause of death in most developed and developing countries. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effect of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) skin extract on blood glucose levels in white male rats with diabetes (preclinical test). Method: Experimental research in vivo with True Experimental-PreTest and Post Test Only Control Group Design. The samples were 15 white male rats aged ±3 months, with a 150-200 grams bodyweight. Avocado peel was extracted with ethanol. Measurement of fasting blood glucose levels was carried out 3 times. Streptozotocin administration was used to increase glucose levels in experimental animals. Data analysis used Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to analyze the data obtained from each treatment group, and the level of significance was expressed in =5%. Results: Fasting blood glucose levels in the first measurement for all groups were included in the normal category, about 48.73 mg/dL. Then the second measurement after being induced with STZ showed an increase in fasting blood glucose levels of mice with an average of 181.07 mg/dL. Furthermore, the 3rd measurement showed that mice's fasting blood glucose level was still high, except for group IV, which decreased to 97.33 mg/dL. The results of the comparative analysis of fasting blood glucose levels on the 2nd and 3rd measurements showed that most of them experienced a decrease, except in group V, and the intervention group which experienced a significant decrease, group IV with p-value = 0.003 and the magnitude of the decrease was 133.33 mg/dL. Conclusion: The concentration of 200 mg/kg BW of avocado peel extract significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels by 133.33 mg/dL after STZ induction compared to other groups