Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Cervical Cancer and HPV Vaccination among Medical Students in Jakarta, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the second-most common cancer in Indonesian women. While the cervical cancer screening has been integrated in Indonesian primary health-care facilities, the HPV vaccination has not yet become a national program. AIM: The objective of this research was to measure the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of medical students in Jakarta toward cervical cancer and its prevention. The result of this study could be implemented to develop a more comprehensive national educational program and public health policy. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study on medical students at 10 different universities in Jakarta, Indonesia. Student’s knowledge, attitude, and behavior were collected through a self-administered online questionnaire consist of a total of 27 questions concerning cervical cancer epidemiology, pathogenesis, screening, diagnosis, and prevention. RESULTS: A total of 2159 medical students participated in this study. More than half (55%) of the students obtained satisfactory knowledge score. The students’ knowledge regarding HPV vaccination was low. However, 87.2% of them agreed to get the HPV vaccination. Only 7.0% had participated in cervical cancer screening program and only 16.8% had received HPV vaccination. Female gender, second or third year of study, and three universities had better odds to have good practice score. CONCLUSION: The knowledge and attitude score did not reflect on student’s practice on cervical cancer and its prevention. Effort to increase the awareness toward cervical cancer should be endorsed through university curriculum and public health policy.