Hyaluronic Acid Prevent Further Cartilage Damage of Osteoarthritis Based on Expression of Collagen Type II and Collagen Type X

Abstract

Abstract Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by changes in the structure of the subchondral articular cartilage. Chondrocytes are responsible for the synthesis and integrity of the extracellular matrix of articular cartilage. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is believed to have a potential protective effect on joint cartilage through chondroprotective. Materials and methods: This study is experimental research (pre and post-test control group design) with 20 samples divided into five groups, each consisting of four samples. Four different dosages of HA have been given to the treatment group: 0.1 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml, 2 mg/ml, and 3 mg/ml. Subsequently, collagen type II (COL2) and type X (COL10) were examined using the ELISA method, and data were analyzed with SPSS 20.0 Result: Our study revealed that COL2 expression was not significantly different between the control group and 0.1 mg/ml. Interestingly, with 1 mg/ml of HA, there was a markedly significant increase in the expression of COL2 (p < 0,05), and a further increase in dosage did not give an incremental effect. Conversely, treatment of HA significantly suppressed the expression of COL10, but no enhanced suppression was found with increasing dose.  Conclusion: The administration of HA results in an increased number of COL2 and reduced number of COL10 and has the potential function of inhibiting the degeneration process in joint cartilage.